Table 1

Risk factors for COPD included in the final prevalence model

Variable
Odds Ratio (95% CI) (univariate model)
Odds Ratio (95% CI) (final logistic model)

MEN (n = 4970)

Smoking Status
(P < 0.001)
(P < 0.001)
     - Never smoker
1
1
     - Former smoker
3.63 (2.54 – 5.21)
2.18 (1.48 – 3.23)
     - Current Smoker
3.81 (2.64 – 5.52)
4.50 (3.01 – 6.74)

Age-group (in years of age)
(P < 0.001)
(P < 0.001)
     - <35
1
1
     - 35–44
1.65 (0.86 – 3.17)
1.94 (0.99 – 3.78)
     - 45–54
2.45 (1.33 – 4.50)
2.66 (1.41 – 4.99)
     - 55–64
6.91 (4.02 – 11.89)
7.92 (4.46 – 14.07)
     - 65–74
10.40 (6.08 – 17.80)
12.69 (7.12 – 22.60)
     - 75+
12.15 (6.78 – 21.76)
16.02 (8.57 – 29.94)

Area of residence
(P = 0.02)
(P = 0.25)
     - Urban
1
1
     - Suburban
0.70 (0.50 – 0.97)
0.74 (0.51 – 1.06)
     - Rural
0.58 (0.39 – 0.86)
0.72 (0.46 – 1.15)

Ethnicity
(P = 0.64)
(P = 0.95)
     - White
1
1
     - Black/Black British
1.20 (0.48 – 2.99)
1.17 (0.44 – 3.10)
     - Asian/Asian British
0.69 (0.28 – 1.70)
0.97 (0.37 – 2.51)

Quintile of Multiple Deprivation Score
1.22 (1.11 – 1.34) (P < 0.001)
1.17 (1.05 – 1.31) (P = 0.005)

WOMEN (n = 5779)

Smoking Status
(P < 0.001)
(P < 0.001)
     - Never smoker
1
1
     - Former smoker
1.70 (1.07 – 2.64)
1.26 (0.79 – 2.01)
     - Current Smoker
3.53 (2.43 – 5.14)
4.11 (2.74 – 6.15)

Age-group (in years of age)
(P < 0.001)
(P < 0.001)
     - <35
1
1
     - 35–44
1.08 (0.53 – 2.19)
1.35 (0.65 – 2.79)
     - 45–54
2.34 (1.28 – 4.30)
2.69 (1.42 – 5.09)
     - 55–64
4.18 (2.34 – 7.47)
6.03 (3.26 – 11.15)
     - 65–74
5.36 (2.99 – 9.61)
8.04 (4.33 – 14.91)
     - 75+
5.34 (2.79 – 10.22)
10.40 (5.18 – 20.87)

Area of residence
(P = 0.01)
(P = 0.04)
     - Urban
1
1
     - Suburban
0.62 (0.42 – 0.92)
0.59 (0.39 – 0.90)
     - Rural
0.47 (0.29 – 0.77)
0.55 (0.32 – 0.96)

Ethnicity
(P = 0.19)
(P = 0.50)
     - White
1
1
     - Black/Black British
1.14 (0.42 – 3.12)
1.81 (0.64 – 5.14)
     - Asian/Asian British
0.24 (0.03 – 1.76)
0.60 (0.08 – 4.47)

Quintile of Multiple Deprivation Score
1.18 (1.05 – 1.34) (P = 0.005)
1.11 (0.98 – 1.27) (P = 0.11)

Nacul et al. Population Health Metrics 2007 5:8   doi:10.1186/1478-7954-5-8