Table 3 |
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|
Equivalence between symptoms in UK and US Studies* |
|
| UK Study |
US Study |
|
|
|
| Irritability/outburst of anger |
Irritability or moodiness |
| Headaches |
Headaches |
| Fatigue |
Fatigue |
| Sleeping difficulties |
Difficulty or problems to sleep |
| Forgetfulness OR Loss of concentration |
Difficulty remembering or concentrating |
| Joint stiffness |
Joint stiffness |
| Flatulence or burping OR Stomach cramp |
Gas, bloating, cramps or abdominal pain |
| Pain without swelling or redness in several joints |
Joint pain |
| Chest pain |
Chest pain |
| Night sweats that soak the bed sheets |
Night sweats that soak your bed sheets |
| Sore throat |
Sore throat |
| Numbness or tingling in fingers or toes |
Numbness or tingling in fingers or toes |
| Wheezing |
Wheezing |
| Diarrhea |
Diarrhea (3 or more loose bowel movements in 24 hours) |
| Unintended weight gain greater than 10 lbs |
Unintended weight gain greater than 10 lbs |
| Loss of interest in sex |
Decreased sexual interest |
| Dizziness |
Dizziness |
| Feeling short of breath at rest |
Shortness of breath |
| Persistent cough |
Cough |
| Feeling disoriented |
Episodes of disorientation |
| Feeling feverish |
Fever |
| Nausea OR Vomiting |
Nausea or Vomiting |
| Unintended weight loss greater than 10 lbs. |
Unintended weight loss greater than 10 lbs. |
| Diagnostic Criteria for Anxiety Disorder† Feeling distant or cut off from others OR
Feeling jumpy/easily startled OR Unable to breathe deeply enough OR Tingling in legs
and arms OR Rapid heartbeat OR Shaking OR Faster breathing than normal OR Lump in
throat |
Anxiety |
| 16 could not find equivalent: Avoiding doing things/situations, Tingling in fingers and arms, Feeling unrefreshed
after sleep, Itchy or painful eyes, Distressing dreams, Ringing in the ears, Dry mouth,
Increased sensitivity to noise, Increased sensitivity to light, Passing urine more
often, Loss or decrease in appetite, Intolerance to alcohol, Constipation, Double
vision, Pain on passing urine, Burning sensation in sex organs |
11 could not find equivalent: Trouble finding words, Depression, Muscle pains, Hay fever or other allergies, Fatigue
lasting 24 hrs after exertion, Swollen lymph glands in your neck, armpit, groin, Inability
to tolerate milk, Sensitivity to chemicals, Sinus congestion, Skin rashes or sores,
Sores inside your nose |
|
|
|
|
†All equivalent symptoms were significantly more prevalent among UK Gulf veterans than among UK Gulf veterans, except cough and joint pain that were less prevalent, and diarrhea, numbness or tingling in fingers or toes, shortness of breath, and weight gain that were not different in the 2 samples. †Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV–4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994 |
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Nisenbaum et al. Population Health Metrics 2004 2:8 doi:10.1186/1478-7954-2-8 |
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